feat(file-details): add subject, test and solution for the exercise

sh/tests/file-details_test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+# Unofficial Bash Strict Mode
+set -euo pipefail
+IFS='
+'
+
+script_dirS=$(cd -P "$(dirname "$BASH_SOURCE")" &>/dev/null && pwd)
+
+challenge() {
+    submitted=$(cd "$1" && bash "$script_dirS"/student/file-details.sh)
+    expected=$(cd "$1" && bash "$script_dirS"/solutions/file-details.sh)
+
+    diff <(echo "$submitted") <(echo "$expected")
+}
+
+challenge hard-perm

sh/tests/solutions/file-details.sh

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+TZ=utc ls -l --time-style='+%F %R' | sed 1d | awk '{print $1, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10}'

subjects/devops/file-details/README.md

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+## files-details
+
+### Instructions
+
+Create a script `files-details.sh`, which will allow you to see the files inside the folder `hard-perms`, this way:
+
+Expected output:
+
+```console
+$ ./files-details.sh
+dr-------x 2 user user 4096 dez 13 17:50 0
+-r------w- 1 user user    0 dez 13 17:51 1
+-rw----r-- 1 user user    0 dez 13 17:51 2
+drwxrwxrwx 2 user user 4096 dez 13 17:51 3
+-r-x--x--- 1 user user    0 dez 13 17:51 4
+-r--rw---- 1 user user    0 dez 13 17:51 5
+-r--rw---- 1 user user    0 dez 13 17:51 6
+-r-x--x--- 1 user user    0 dez 13 17:51 7
+-rw----r-- 1 user user    0 dez 13 17:51 8
+-r------w- 1 user user    0 dez 13 17:51 9
+dr-------x 2 user user 4096 dez 13 17:50 A
+```
+
+### Hints
+
+- `ls -l --time-style=TIME_STYLE`
+
+  - Time conversion specifiers you need to know:
+
+    - `%R`, 24-hour hour and minute. Same as ‘%H:%M’.
+
+  - Date conversion specifiers you need to know:
+
+    - `%F`, full date in ISO 8601 format; like ‘%+4Y-%m-%d’ except that any flags or field width override the ‘+’ and (after subtracting 6) the ‘4’. This is a good choice for a date format, as it is standard and is easy to sort in the usual case where years are in the range 0000…9999.
+
+- You can use `sed` to remove the first line of the output.
+
+```console
+$ ./files-details.sh        # without using sed
+total
+-rw-rw-r-- 2022-12-20 03:10:18 README.md
+$ ./files-details.sh        # using sed
+-rw-rw-r-- 2022-12-20 03:10:18 README.md
+$
+```
+
+- `awk`.
+
+You can specify specific column names to display or include in the awk output using the field numbers. For example:
+
+```console
+$ ls -l | awk '{print $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10}' # print all the given fields
+total 4
+-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 1989 dez 20 15:19 README.md
+$ ls -l | awk '{print $1, $2, $4, $5, $7, $8, $10}'             # print all the given fields
+total 4
+-rw-rw-r-- 1 user 2350 20 15:25
+$
+```
+
+awk ‘{print $1}’ emp_records.txt
+awk {print $1, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10}'
+
+> You have to use Man or Google to know more about commands flags, in order to solve this exercise!
+> Google and Man will be your friends!
+
+### References
+
+- [Time conversion specifiers](https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Time-conversion-specifiers.html).
+- [Date conversion specifiers](https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Date-conversion-specifiers.html).
+- [awk](https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Print-Examples.html).